What is the difference between linoleum and vinyl?

About $40 a square yard.
But seriously, linoleum is an all-natural product manufactured in Europe. It is two meters wide (6 feet, 7 inches) and the seams must be welded together during installation using a torch and welding rod. For that reason, installers should be certified by at least one linoleum manufacturer so that you know it’s being done correctly.
Linoleum does not come with a “no wax” finish and must be maintained by the customer for the life of the product. Most linoleum comes with marbleized patterns and muted tones. One exception is the Vivace linoleum produced by Forbo that has bold colors in swirling patterns.
Vinyl, on the other hand, is a petroleum product. It comes in either six foot or 12-foot widths. It can either be heat or chemical sealed. Almost all vinyl is “no wax” and is very low maintenance. One plus to vinyl is the number of patterns and textures available.